Nozzles for fire extinguishers



Sept. 4, 1956 1. NURKlEwlCz 2,761,737

` NOZZLES FOR EXTINGUISHERS v ATTORNEY 3 Sheets-Sheet l NURKIEWICZ 7NOZZLES FOR FIRE EXTINGUISHERS Sept. 4, 1956 Filed June 23. 1955' IN VEN TOR.

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United States Patent O 2,761,737 NozzLEs Fon FIRE EXTlNGmsHERs IgnatiusNurkiewicz, Brooklyn, N. Y., assignor to Stopire( Inc., Brooklyn, N. Y.,a corporation of New or i Application June 23, 1953, Serial No. 363,493l

` 6 Claims. (ci. 299-118) This invention relates to a nozzle for fireextinguishers.

It is an object of this invention to provide an extinguishernozzle'which can, at will, discharge a fluid as a solid stream projectedto a considerable distance, with a minimum loss of head within thenozzle, or which can be made to discharge a spray with a deinite anduniform coverage.

Three forms of the invention are shown in the accom panying drawings, inwhich Fig. l is a longitudinal cenf tral section of the device on thelines 1-1 0f Fig. 3Q

Fig. 2 is an exploded View of the valve mechanism and Fig. 3 is an endelevation of the device. i Fig. 4 is a central longitudinal section of amodification of the device. Fig. 5 is a central section of a modifiedform of the invention. Fig. 6 is an end elevation of the same, from thedischarge end of the nozzle and Fig. 7 is a side elevation of thecontrol element of the device of Fig. 5.

Referring now to Fig. l. The numeral 10 represents a casing having atthe right hand side a threaded socket 11, in which is screwed a nipple12 adapted to be connected with a source of liquid supply, as forexample, a tank lled with a re extinguishing liquid.

The casing has a vertical bore providing at the top a cylindrical slidebearing 13 for a pin'14 and a central rectangle chamber 15and a lowercylindrical slide bearing 16 for a pin 17. The pin 14 engages a handle18, pivoted at 19, and the pin 17 has a collar 2t) between which and acap 21 at the bottom of the bore is coniined a compression spring 22. Aat valve 23 of a suitable plastic such as Teon slides in the chamber 15,conned between the pins 14 and 17.

The valve 23 has a central opening 24 in position to register with acentral opening 25 in the side of the chamber 15 (which comprises avalve seat) in the upper position of the valve and with a lower opening26 in a lower position. A spring 27 conned within a cavity 28 in nipple12, presses the valve against the side of the chamber 15. A gasket 29surrounds the pin and is held in compression by a plug 31. VThe casinghas an outwardly extending nozzle shaped extension 32 surrounding theopening 25, and an outer wall spaced from the extension and formingbetween them an annular chamber 33, communicating with the chamber 15 byopening 26 in the chamber wall.

An outer control member 35 lits against the side wall to close thechamber 33 and is held against the edge of the side wall by a hollow nut36. This control member has a central bore 37 which rits against thenozzle member 32, to form a continuous channel with opening 25 for a jetdischarge. The control member also has two channels 33, one on each sideof the central bore 37, affording a discharge passage from the chamber33 to the discharge end of the nozzle. These channels have their axesinclined toward each other so that the streams issuing therefrom willimpinge upon each other.

Within each of these channels 38 is situated a spiral member 39 providedwith helical vanes 40 past which any Patented Sept. 4, 19,56

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stream issuing from the channels 38 must pass, to be set into rotationthereby. Each channel 38 is tapered inwardly as shown at 40a beyond thevane member to condense Vthe rotating jet formed by the vane member.

The outer, or discharge, face of the nozzle has a central opening 41through which the jet discharge may issue, and it is provided withopenings 42 on each side of the central opening through whichtherotating, or spray jets from openings 3S are discharged. These latteropenings are provided with flared recesses as shown at 43 elongated atan angle to the horizontal, and at an angle to the common center linebetween them. In this manner the spray is shaped to the maximumadvantage. Each spray is elongated from a conical shape by the recessedopenings, and the jets impinge upon each other in a manner to shape thecoverage area to the maximum advantage.

Referring now to Fig. 4 the numeral 5t? represents a casing having atthe right hand side a .threaded socket adapted to be connected to asource of liquid supply, in this case a tank iilled with a reextinguishing liquid not shown here. The casing has a vertical bore 51provided with an inwardly projecting shoulder 52 near thel top, andclosed at the bottom by a screw threaded cap 53 having a recess as shownat 54 to receive a spring 55.

A plunger 56 slides snugly within the bore 51 and has a hole through itin alignment with the groove 61, and

into this hole is threaded a nipple 62. The casing is also provided witha discharge head 63 surrounding the nipple 62 and tting within thehollow stud 64, and held thereon by a nut 65.

This discharge head 63 has a central bore 66 in alignment with the boreof the nipple 62, to form a continuous discharge passageway with it.This socket has Vtwo other bores 67, one above and one below the bore66, both of which taper toward the front, to provide nozzle openings 68.y Y

As will be seen from the drawing, the nozzle openings 68 are on a centerline inclined tothe vertical and the outer face of the head 63, at theopening 68 it is cut away to provide a ilared opening which is ilaredmore in one direction than the other, and these lines of maximum ilareare themselves, at an angle to the lines connecting the center lines.

With either of the foregoing constructions, when the valve 23, or theplunger 56, is in the position shown in the drawings, a solid stream isprojected out of the bore- 41, or 66, to a considerable distance. If,however, the

alignment with the openings 34, or 72, then the solid stream is cut ott,and the uid is discharged past the jet spirals 39, or 69, and outthrough the lateral nozzle openings. Before reaching the nozzleopenings,l however, the stream in each boreihas reached a highrotational velocity which would normally discharge a cone spray fromeach opening, however, such a cone sprayv alone is apt to be hollow.With the arrangement here shown, the spray from one of the openingsstriking the spray from the other opening tends to lill in the centerofthe cone, to give more uniform disposition over the entire area.

Moreover, because the two channels 38, or 67, are inclined to thevertical and toward each other, there is a greater lateral distributioncompared to the vertical.

This distribution is further affected by the elongated flares at eachopening.

In Figures 5, 6 and 7 there is shown a modied form of the device, inwhich the numeral 110 represents a casing having a socket 111, by whichit may be attached to a hose H, or the like. The other end of the casinghas a bore 112 to receive a hollow control element 113, and this bore112 is threaded at 114 to receive the discharge nozzle 115, which may beused to hold the control element 113 in place.

The casing 110 is provided with a central borc 116, transverse to itsaxis, to provide a sliding t for a plunger valve 117. A spring 118,conned within bore 116 by a cap 119 urges the plunger 117 upwardly, andan annular shoulder 120 within the bore 116, engages a shoulder on theplunger to limit its upward movement. The plunger has an extension 117a,extending out of the casing, in position to be engaged by an operatinglever. The extension has an annular recess to receive a packing washer117b.

The bore 116 communicates with the socket 111 at 121, on one side, andit is provided with two openings 122, and 123, into the inner end of thebore 112. One of these, 122, is threaded to receive the inner threadedend 124 of element 113, thus providing a continuous smooth passage 125,from bore 116 to the end of the element 113 at 126.

The control element 113 is generally tubular but its tubular portion ismuch smaller in diameter than the bore 112 and a series of inter-fittingspiral anges 127 extend from the outside of the tubular portion to thewall of the bore 112. These spiral anges, however, do not extend to theend of the bore 112, leaving an annular chamber 128 affordingcommunication to all the spiral passages defined by the ilanges. Asimilar annular chamber 129 is provided at the other end of the spiralanges, and as shown, the outer diameter of the control element 113 isreduced in diameter within the chamber 129, in which the liquid mayrotate at considerable speed.

The plunger 117 is provided with a circumferential recess 130, affordinga passageway between openings 121 and 122. The opening 123 communicateswith the chamber 128, and the opening 121 is large enough to admitliquid to the recess 130 in both the upper and lower position of theplunger.

The discharge nozzle 115 is provided with a central discharge opening134 which flares outwardly at 135, and which flares substantially up tothe diameter of the chamber 129 on the inside. As will be seen, this are135 is elliptical so that the spray issuing from the nozzle may have agreater lateral spread, compared to the vertical. While the dischargenozzle is here shown as ared, it is possible to employ an orifice in athin metal wall without the are, although the discharge cannot be sowell controlled.

The handle 136 is pivoted to the casing 110 at 137, in position toengage extension 117a.

With the handle 136 in the position shown the fluid is dischargedthrough the passageway 125 and projected through the opening 134 as asolid stream. lf, however, the handle 136 is depressed the passageway122 is cut off, and the uid is discharged through passageway 123 pastthe spiral anges, and assumes a high rotational velocity within thechamber 129. It thus passes through the opening 134 as a cone. This conehas a greater lateral spread than vertical because of the shape of theflared opening 135.

What I claim:

l. A nozzle for projecting a stream, or spray, comprising a casinghaving a bore therein, a straight unobstructed jet channel extendingfrom said bore to a jet outlet, said casing having also a pair of spraychannels having free spray outlets situated on opposite sides of saidjet outlet, each having means to cause rapid rotation of fluid withinthe spray channels about the axis thereof to produce a spray from eachspray outlet, and means for connecting either said jet channel or saidspray channels with said bore.

2. A nozzle for projecting a stream, or spray, comprising a casinghaving a bore therein, and a lateral port, a valve having a passage fromone side to the other, slidable in said casing, to open or close saidport, an inlet into said bore in one side of the casing, adapted toregister with said passage in all positions of said valve, said casinghaving an unobstructed outlet jet opening on the opposite side of saidcasing from said inlet in registry with said port, a second opening insaid casing from said bore on said opposite side in registry with saidpassage in said valve in another position of said valve, said casingcontaining a chamber into which said second opening leads, and having aspray channel terminating in a free spray outlet opening and meanswithin said spray channel opening for producing rapid rotation withinsaid channel of the stream of liquid passing therethrough to produce aspray discharge.

3. A nozzle for projecting a stream, or spray, comprising a casinghaving a bore therein, a valve having a passage from one side to theother slidable in said casing, an inlet into said bore in one side ofcasing, adapted to register with said passage in all positions of saidvalve, said casing having an unobstructed outlet jet opening on theopposite side of said casing from said inlet in registry with saidpassageway in one position of said valve, a second opening in saidcasing from said bore on said opposite side in registry with saidpassage in another position of said valve, said casing containing achamber into which said second opening leads, a pair of spray outletchannels leading from said chamber and means within each outlet openingfor producing rapid rotation of a stream of liquid around the axis ofthe spray channel as it passes therethrough, said openings beingsituated close together whereby there is formed two separate conicalsprays which impinge upon each other.

4. A spray nozzle comprising a casing having a passage therethrough forthe passage of a stream of uid, a pair of discharge channels within saidcasing, each having communication with the source of fluid, each saidchannel having means for creating a rapid rotary motion around the axisof the channel to fluid passing therethrough, said channels having freeopenings adjacent to each other constructed to discharge the same as arotary spray, in position to intersect the other spray.

5. A spray nozzle comprising a casing having a passage therethrough forfluid, a valve to control the flow thereof, discharge channels withinsaid casing having means for creating and discharging at a free orice arotating spray of fluid, each of said orifices terminating in an exitport having an elongated dare 'and each of said orifices being inposition to cause the discharge therefrom to intersect the dischargefrom the other, said elongations being at an angle to the center linecommon to said orifices.

6. A spray nozzle comprising a casing having a passage therethrough fortiuid, a valve to control the flow thereof, discharge channels withinsaid casing having means for creating and discharging at a free orificea rotating spray of uid, each of said orices terminating in an exit porthaving an elongated are and each of said orifices being in position tocause the discharge therefrom to intersect the discharge from the other,said elongations being at an angle to the center line common to saidorices, each of said orifices being generally conical in shape with theaxes of the cones inclined toward each other and said spraycreatingelements having means for causing said spray to rotate within saidorifices.

(References on following page) References Cited in the le of this patentUNITED STATES PATENTS Lampe Dec. 30, 1947 6 Broughton Ian. 12, 1954McGraw Ian. 19, 1954 FOREIGN PATENTS France of 1904 OTHER REFERENCESProduct Engineering Bulletin (du Pont), 1955. The

entire Bulletin is relied on.

(Copy in Division 39.)

Modern Plastics (Hallowell), November 1947, pages 108 and 109 relied on.

(Copy in Division 39.)

